Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Lung cancers are one of the leading causes of death worldwide which has resulted in an increase in immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Recent studies have shown induced endocrinopathies secondary to ICIs as a result of pancreatic beta cells, thyroid, and pituitary dysfunction.Aim: We aim to present an interesting case of Type 1 Diabetes mellitus secondary to immunotherapy. Pembrolizumab is used to treat melanoma, ...

Background: Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are increasingly playing a bigger role in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions due to their lower extra pyramidal side effect profile However, SGAs are known to cause clinically relevant metabolic derangements including hyperglycaemiaCase: A 70-year-old gentleman was admitted with generalised weakness and increased urinary frequency (polyuria) and polydipsia. His blood glucose...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has led to unparalleled burden on national and global healthcare systems. Vaccines were viewed as way of combating Covid 19 pandemic. This led to development and implementation of vaccination programmes worldwide. Several vaccines have been approved for use in worldwide including Pfizer-BioNTech, Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine and Moderna vaccine. Disturbingly, the speed at which these va...

Introduction: Development and progression of cancers is multifactorial encompassing several mechanisms that aid its proliferation. One of the hallmarks of cancer progression is inhibition of the immune system. Cancer cells can activate different immune checkpoint are pathways that harbour inhibitory or stimulatory mechanisms that enabled self-tolerance and assist with immune response. Through activation of immune checkpoint pathways cancers can suppress immune response against...

Background: Thyrotoxicosis is one of the commonest endocrine disorders and its severe form can manifest as thyroid storm in acute setting leading to organ dysfunctions including heart failure. Cases: 1: A 58-year-old female with a significant past medical history of MI, paroxysmal AF/atrial flutter, and hyperthyroidism presented with a one-week history of palpitations, plethora, diaphoresis, heat intolerance, loose stools, and a TSH <0.01; Free T4-33...

Background: Pegylated interferon-alpha (IFN-α) is licensed as an antiviral, immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative therapy, but may induce autoimmune conditions including Type 1 diabetes Mellitus/latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA). Case Report: A 50-year-old male presented with a 3-week history of polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss. Following review by his General Practitioner he was found to have an elevated serum glucose (55.4 mmol/l)....

Introduction: Resolution of pituitary tumour without surgical intervention is rare. The mechanism of spontaneous resolution of pituitary adenoma is unclear but may be explained by either pituitary apoplexy or hypophysitis responding to steroids. Bray BP, et al(2021) reported the case of vanishing pituitary mass due pituitary apoplexy. Park SM, et al (2014) reported 22 cases of pituitary mass due hypophysititis which improved mostly with medical therapy.C...